Human Resources Hospitality Employment Perspective: Cluster Scenario for Selected Tourism Industries
Žarko Rađenović - Innovation Center, University of Niš, Univerzitetski trg 2, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Tatjana Boshkov - Faculty of Tourism and Business Logistics, University “Goce Delchev” – Stip, North Macedonia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31410/tmt.2021-2022.533
Žarko Rađenović - Innovation Center, University of Niš, Univerzitetski trg 2, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Tatjana Boshkov - Faculty of Tourism and Business Logistics, University “Goce Delchev” – Stip, North Macedonia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31410/tmt.2021-2022.533
6th International Thematic Monograph - Modern Management Tools and Economy of Tourism Sector in Present Era, Belgrade, 2021/2022, Published by: Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans in cooperation with the Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Ohrid, North Macedonia; ISSN 2683-5673, ISBN 978-86-80194-49-3; Editors: Vuk Bevanda, associate professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia; Snežana Štetić, full time professor, The College of Tourism, Belgrade, Serbia, Printed by: SKRIPTA International, Belgrade
Abstract: Creating an employment policy and its perspective development within the tourism industry depends on the successful management of human resources. This research aims to determine the significance of the impact of certain employment indicators on the performance of hospitality human resources in the European Union countries (including the United Kingdom), Norway, Switzerland, Turkey, and several Balkan countries. The annual job fluctuation and changes in tourist potential enable the performance analysis of employment indicators within a shorter period, in this case for 2019 and 2020. The authors will use multiple hierarchical regression to determine the magnitude of the contribution of individual indicators to job permanency in the tourism industry. The cluster analysis based on Ward’s method and squared Euclidean distance will group countries according to the performance of employment indicators in tourism. In this way, the most dominant group of countries will be formed, and during the mentioned period, will be shown the eventual movement of particular countries to clusters where better conditions prevail, in the tourism industry labor market. The cluster structure changes in the analyzed years should prove the fluctuation of human resources in the tourism industry, which depends a lot on the education level.
Keywords: Human resources; Tourism industry; Employment; Cluster analysis; Regression
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World. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 177-202, doi: 10.1002/job.290.
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Boyatzis, R.E. (1982). The Competent Manager: A Model for Effective Performance. London:
Wiley.
Chavez, J., Torres, A. and Torres, M.C. (2016). Hierarchical Cluster Analysis of Tourism for Mexico
and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Countries, Turismo em Analise,
27(2), pp. 235-255, DOI: 10.11606/issn.1984-4867.v27i2p235-255
Fu, J.C., Fu, P. (2008). Study of the Relationship between human capital and occupational mobility:
the role of human capital. Chinese Journal of Ergonomics, vol.l4, no3, pp. 36-40.
Guo, W., Xiao, H., Yang, X., (2012). An Empirical Research on the Correlation between Human
Capital and Career Success of Knowledge Workers in Enterprise, International Conference
on Solid State Devices and Materials Science, Faculty of Management and Economics, Physics
Procedia 25 ( 2012 ) 715 – 725, doi: 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.148
Hermawati, A. and Suci, R.P. (2019). Biplot and Cluster Analysis of Satisfaction Level and the
Interest of MSMEs Human Resource of Tourism Sector in East Java to Transglobal Leadership,
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(8), pp. 348–363.
Heslin, P.A., (2005). Conceptualizing and evaluating career success, Journal of Organizational
Behavior, pp. 113-136, DOI: 10.1002/job.270
Hitka, M., Lorincová, S., Ližbetinová, L., Pajtinková Bartáková, G. and Merková, M., (2017).
Cluster Analysis Used as the Strategic Advantage of Human Resource Management in Small
and Medium sized Enterprises in the Wood-Processing Industry, BioResources 12(4), 7884-
7897, DOI: 10.15376/biores.12.4.7884-7897
King, Z. (2004). Career Management: A CIPD Guide. London: CIPD.
Kol’veková, G., Liptáková, E., Štrba, L.,, Kršák, B., Sidor, C., Cehlár, M., Khouri, S. and Behún
(2019). Regional Tourism Clustering Based on the Three Ps of the Sustainability Services
Marketing Matrix: An Example of Central and Eastern European Countries, Sustainability,
11, 400; DOI:10.3390/su11020400
Eurostat- the statistical office of the European Union: LFS series - detailed quarterly survey results
(from 1998 onwards) (lfsq) Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/EN/lfsi_esms.htm (retrieved 16th April 2022)
Rađenović, Ž., Krstić, B., & Marković, M. (2022). Economic Performance of Agriculture in the
European Union Countries / Wyniki ekonomiczne w rolnictwie w krajach Unii Europejskiej.
Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej / Problems of Agricultural Economics, 370(1), 5–21. DOI:
10.30858/zer/145686
Salaman, G. and Taylor, S. (2002). ‘Competency’s consequences – changing the character of managerial
work’. Paper presented at the ESRC Critical Management Studies. Seminar: Managerial
Work, The Judge Institute of Management, Cambridge University
Simović, O., Rađenović, Ž., Perović, D., & Vujačić, V. (2020). Tourism in the Digital Age: E-Booking
Perspective. ENTRENOVA – ENTerprise REsearch InNOVation, 6(1), 616-627. https://
hrcak.srce.hr/ojs/index.php/entrenova/article/view/13515/6766
Stryzhak, O., Akhmedova, O., Leonenko, O., Lopatchenko, I. and Hrabar, N. (2021). Transformation
of human capital strategies in the tourism industry under the influence of Economy 4.0.,
Problems and Perspectives in Management, 19(2), 145-156. DOI:10.21511/ppm.19(2).2021.12
Keywords: Human resources; Tourism industry; Employment; Cluster analysis; Regression
REFERENCES
Arthur, M.B., Khapova, S.N. and Wilderom, C. (2005). Career Success in a Boundaryless Career
World. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 177-202, doi: 10.1002/job.290.
Ballout, H.I. (2007). “Career success: The effects of human capital, person‐environment fit and
organizational support”, Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 22 No. 8, pp. 741-765,
DOI:10.1108/02683940710837705
Boyatzis, R.E. (1982). The Competent Manager: A Model for Effective Performance. London:
Wiley.
Chavez, J., Torres, A. and Torres, M.C. (2016). Hierarchical Cluster Analysis of Tourism for Mexico
and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Countries, Turismo em Analise,
27(2), pp. 235-255, DOI: 10.11606/issn.1984-4867.v27i2p235-255
Fu, J.C., Fu, P. (2008). Study of the Relationship between human capital and occupational mobility:
the role of human capital. Chinese Journal of Ergonomics, vol.l4, no3, pp. 36-40.
Guo, W., Xiao, H., Yang, X., (2012). An Empirical Research on the Correlation between Human
Capital and Career Success of Knowledge Workers in Enterprise, International Conference
on Solid State Devices and Materials Science, Faculty of Management and Economics, Physics
Procedia 25 ( 2012 ) 715 – 725, doi: 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.148
Hermawati, A. and Suci, R.P. (2019). Biplot and Cluster Analysis of Satisfaction Level and the
Interest of MSMEs Human Resource of Tourism Sector in East Java to Transglobal Leadership,
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(8), pp. 348–363.
Heslin, P.A., (2005). Conceptualizing and evaluating career success, Journal of Organizational
Behavior, pp. 113-136, DOI: 10.1002/job.270
Hitka, M., Lorincová, S., Ližbetinová, L., Pajtinková Bartáková, G. and Merková, M., (2017).
Cluster Analysis Used as the Strategic Advantage of Human Resource Management in Small
and Medium sized Enterprises in the Wood-Processing Industry, BioResources 12(4), 7884-
7897, DOI: 10.15376/biores.12.4.7884-7897
King, Z. (2004). Career Management: A CIPD Guide. London: CIPD.
Kol’veková, G., Liptáková, E., Štrba, L.,, Kršák, B., Sidor, C., Cehlár, M., Khouri, S. and Behún
(2019). Regional Tourism Clustering Based on the Three Ps of the Sustainability Services
Marketing Matrix: An Example of Central and Eastern European Countries, Sustainability,
11, 400; DOI:10.3390/su11020400
Eurostat- the statistical office of the European Union: LFS series - detailed quarterly survey results
(from 1998 onwards) (lfsq) Reference Metadata in Euro SDMX Metadata Structure (ESMS)
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/EN/lfsi_esms.htm (retrieved 16th April 2022)
Rađenović, Ž., Krstić, B., & Marković, M. (2022). Economic Performance of Agriculture in the
European Union Countries / Wyniki ekonomiczne w rolnictwie w krajach Unii Europejskiej.
Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej / Problems of Agricultural Economics, 370(1), 5–21. DOI:
10.30858/zer/145686
Salaman, G. and Taylor, S. (2002). ‘Competency’s consequences – changing the character of managerial
work’. Paper presented at the ESRC Critical Management Studies. Seminar: Managerial
Work, The Judge Institute of Management, Cambridge University
Simović, O., Rađenović, Ž., Perović, D., & Vujačić, V. (2020). Tourism in the Digital Age: E-Booking
Perspective. ENTRENOVA – ENTerprise REsearch InNOVation, 6(1), 616-627. https://
hrcak.srce.hr/ojs/index.php/entrenova/article/view/13515/6766
Stryzhak, O., Akhmedova, O., Leonenko, O., Lopatchenko, I. and Hrabar, N. (2021). Transformation
of human capital strategies in the tourism industry under the influence of Economy 4.0.,
Problems and Perspectives in Management, 19(2), 145-156. DOI:10.21511/ppm.19(2).2021.12
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